Method of manufacturing turbine rotors



Get. 2, 1923.

J. WEISHAUPL METHOD oF MANUFACTURING TURBINEy RoToRs Filedy Dec. v11.1922 Patented oa. 2, 1923i. i

GESELLSCHAFT' Dna MASCHINENFABRIKEN nscnnnwyssa cIn,y or aumen,

SWITZERLAND;

JOSEPH WEISHUPL, orfzuRIcH, SWITZERLAND, AssIGNoR TOTHEFIBM'AKTIN iLaaste 4Application mearecember 1.1, 1922. serial-11x10, coal-52'.,-

rf. Be' it known that I, Josnrrr VEISHUPL,

-a citizen f, the .Republicof Switzerland,

Vterial betweenthefdiscs is not forgedv down to the diameter'V of-the,shaft fbutfis by, Vsteps .roughturnedofi'g 0nV-.a lathe,.1 After thefirst step fOf rough turningQthegremaining mal 4 Lterial between thediscs is forged and thereby made homogeneous,;whereuponfurther materialisjremoved .ona lathe duringthe next step, a further rforging andhomogene izing ofthe remaining material being ef-V fected and so onuntil the forgingof the/sg '.rotor isfinished-vand the latterisready t0Y presiding at Zurich, SwitzerlancL-havexin- 5 vented., cert-ain.newfand `useful Improve- .ments; in Methods/of,ManufacturingTurbineRotor'sfof which the following is a specifCationf, referencebeing had thereinto the"V accompanying drawing.- Y '1 In ordertoobtainhigh eliiciencies with rQtary engines, especial-ly steam turbines and'lgas v turbines, it is v.frequently f nec- -essary to adopt highspeeds.m,This, for iinstance, is-thefcase with steam v.turbines of l5small output when aY low steam .consumption .isdesired With high speedturbines the vrotor wheels show comparatively large vdimensions in theparts forming the boss and they.4 have. S a correspondingly vlargeweight when the rotor wheelsare manufactured in the known manner, i. e.,when eve-ry rotor wheel is manufactured separately and 'the rotor wheelsare mounted singly on a'shaft. The large weights ofthe rotor wheelsrequire, however, a comparatively thick` shaft which in its turninfluences unfavourably the steam consumption and the costs for WithsteaIn manufacturing the turbine.A turbines of small output it istherefore endeavoured to keep theshaft and therotor wheels as light aspossible. dimensions and the smallest weights as well as the greateststrength are obtained'when the rotor wheels and the shaft a-re forgedyfrom one piece. yRotors of this type are known and they are manufacturedby forging the `whole rotor out of one block, t0

which is given at first the shape correspond.

ing t0 the outer configuration of the rotor,

i 40 'whereupon the definite shape Vis given to the rotor by turningoli' the material present between the single discs, the shape of thediscs, conforming yto discs of uniform strength. Y

In order to obtain a homogeneous material for the parts of the shaftsbetween yadjacent discs, it is necessary in this case to forge also thematerial between Vthe discs.

down to the diameter of the shaft. l/Vith the `known processes this is,however, not

possible as the forging down of the material between the discs of theblock would result in an exceedingly large increase of The smallest Icre-ase is obviously: inadmissible. Y

. `the distance-.tamn he Vtues, einen@ iii- The novel process consistsinthat ,thema- .L 1

be fnallymachined on-the lathe.;v VEvery of the forging towards eachother while itr is still hot.

The novel process shall nowbe'explained with reference to theaccompanyingdrawing. The figures illustrate several rotors manufacturedaccording to the vnovel process` and'in which: Y Y Y Fig. 1 is a view ofa rotor,'the adjoining shaft pieces being fixed by means of screws tothe rotor proper,

Fig. 2 is a View of a krotor which is subdivided at two intermediatediscs, and

Fig. 3 is a View of Va rotor which is only subdividedV at themiddle'disc.- t 1 Fig. 4 is a view of arotor kwhich forms oneintegralpiece with the adjoiningl shaft pieces. When a rotor of, thetype ,illustrated in,

Fig. l is to be manufactured according to the Apresent process, to ablock 1 will be given the shape indicated in Fig. 1 in dotted `lineswhich shape corresponds to the outer configuration of Vthe rotor. Fromthis forged block 1 vpart of the material 1s hereupon rough turned offon a lathe, for\in`v stance, up to the chain-dotted line 11 wherebyannular recesses are formed.- Then the `material in this recess can beforged to be madev homogeneous. rfhrough this forging process thedistance between the discs is.

each other, By a second step in the process IDO the material is roughturned off on a. lathe up to the chain-'dotted line 12whereupon theforging" and homogenizing takes place. According to the size of theblock-further similar steps in the process Ymay be necessary untilthe'rotorhas the shape shown by the chainldottediK line 13. With rotorshaving small outsider diameters and therefore a small depth of theyrecesses itis possible. to employ only one step i. e.' to rough turnofi" the material onlyfonce and thereafter to homogenize by forging. t

i In this mannerj'fthe materialen the sides of the discs as Well 'as the'part of the 'shaft between 'the disc'sis inade homogeneous sothataarotor forg'ed'inythis' manner Will respend to the highestrequirements.

Y' TleQrotor may be subdivided intOsingle partsfasis shown in Figs. 2and 35 in'which Athe rotor is subdivided twice 'at the discs '8579 andonce Aattlie disc lOrespectiVely; fhowever, the Whole lroto-'r togetherVwith the Y fbut'e" parts of thesh'afts may be 1in-ade fromVene-singleiferging, 'as' is shown in Fig. 4.

'YI la'inigr/ Y l Y Y L The process of manufacturing rotors fdrturbines,l the -rotorfwheels or discs bf which* a'e integral Ywith theappertaining KApart of the shaft, which consists in treat- 30,

"Y {ig'uration Solas toform krecesses in said i ing blocks forgedtofadetermined outer con- Yture.:r

block corresponding/to intermediate spaces to be providedbetWeenthero-tor dises., and

subjecting' the material :betweenthe discsr of the Vrotor to ahomogenizing action during said treatment, f *Y l y 52.y The vprocessvef manufacturing lrotors for turbines, the rotor Wlieels'orldiscs ofwhich vare integra-l with the app'ertaining Apartgof the shaft,- Whichconsists'in rough turning off from a block forged to a deterin'inedout'er'conguation material to ormv recesses separating the discsl ofYtheA rotor, Y

rnaning between the diseste'qbminths rs- V@asses sspafatingshsl disesvoi the roter@ 3; The process fi manufamfngf rotes foi'ftufbnes, theretos-"wheels, Ldises of" which are integral withy the appsrtaining Lpart 'of the shaft, which consists *inl rough turning of? frenit ajbllsrged' te' at' deter# rnined 7outer' configuration' inttfzfi.[lV to Aail`j vrecesses sspairatingfths discs 'of the feter, 1` I homgsnizng theinnen material remain:

s genzng step untilrecesses of the required l depth are obtained betweenthe dises; 4In testimony vWheieof L affix-my signa Jessen- 'Wnrsriituine

